Viktor Navorski's situation (being stateless and trapped in an airport terminal) was inspired by the true story of Mehran Karimi Nasseri. However, Viktor's nationality (fictional Krakozia), personality, backstory (jazz quest), and specific experiences are fictional.

Frank Dixon is a fictional character created as the primary antagonist, representing the inflexible and sometimes inhumane side of bureaucracy. He is not based on a specific real airport official.

Amelia Warren is a fictional character created for the film's romantic subplot. There is no indication Mehran Karimi Nasseri had a similar relationship during his time at the airport.

The political coup that invalidates Viktor's passport and renders him stateless is a fictional plot device. It sets up the central premise of the film but is not based on a real historical event.

The film's central premise of Viktor being forced to live in an airport terminal is inspired by the real-life story of Mehran Karimi Nasseri, an Iranian refugee who lived in Charles de Gaulle Airport for 18 years. However, the film takes significant liberties with the details and dramatizes the situation.

The film portrays airport security and customs officials, but it simplifies and sometimes exaggerates their roles for comedic and dramatic effect. The film's portrayal is not a completely accurate reflection of airport procedures.

The film offers glimpses of New York City, but its portrayal is often romanticized and idealized. The film's focus is on the airport terminal, not on a realistic depiction of the city.